Graves Disease and Graves Ophthalmopathy | Signs, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment
diseases No Comments »Lesson on Graves’ Disease and Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment. Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder caused by production of stimulatory autoantibodies to TSH receptors that lead to excessive production and release of thyroid hormones T4 and T3. High levels of T4 and T3 lead to HYPERthyroidism with characteristic HYPERthyroidism signs and symptoms including tachycardia, insomnia, anxiety and agitation, increased bowel movements and weight loss. Graves’ disease most often affects women in their 30s and 40s and is associated with other autoimmune disorders. Graves’ disease is associated with Graves’ opthalmopathy, an extra-ocular muscle disorder caused by autoattack on retro-orbital fibroblasts that leads to characteristic Graves’ signs and symptoms including proptosis, exophthalmos, and periorbital edema, and in significant cases, corneal abrasions and sight loss.
Treatment of Graves’ disease involves the use of thionamides, including methimazole and PTU, with methimazole being the first line choice of treatment due to significant side effects of PTU.
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We sit down with Dr. Farah Karipineni, Endocrinology, Community Specialty Surgery Associates, to better understand Graves’ disease and how this immune system disorder affects the thyroid.
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